BS EDIT: Budget 2025: The debate over tax exemptions

Published On Feb 5, 2025

A major tax break

• No tax on incomes up to ₹12 lakh

• ₹75,000 standard deduction for salaried workers

• Govt sees this as a boost for demand

Is ₹12 lakh a modest income?

• India’s per capita income: ₹1.7 lakh

• Private consumption per capita: ₹1.2 lakh

• ₹12.75 lakh salary is 10.6x average consumption

The cost of tax cuts

• Govt to forgo ₹1 trillion in revenue

• Indirect taxes may rise, hitting lower-income groups

• Narrowing the tax base could be risky

Fewer taxpayers, bigger burden

• A broad tax base is better for the economy

• Even small direct taxes create accountability

• Shift in burden to indirect taxes is regressive

Will it really boost demand?

• Tax cuts don’t guarantee spending

• Corporate tax cuts earlier didn’t spur investment

• Risk of inflation in constrained sectors

A smarter tax system is needed

• Govt plans a new tax code

• Aim: Simplify laws & expand the tax base

• Balanced reform is key for long-term growth