The alleged suspects have been named as 73-year-old Aravindan Balakrishnan and his 67-year-old wife Chanda.
According to Marxist archives they were leading figures at the Mao Zedong Memorial Centre based in Acre Lane, Brixton, south London, in the 1970s, a BBC report said.
The centre was raided by police and five people, including the pair, were held.
Three women were rescued from their home in Brixton a month earlier.
Police carried out house-to-house inquiries in and around Peckford Place, Brixton, where the women were rescued, over the weekend, it said.
Officers said the women had suffered years of "physical and mental abuse".
They lived together as a "collective" after two of the women met the man through a "shared political ideology".
The three alleged victims, a 30-year-old Briton, a 57-year-old Irish woman and a 69-year-old Malaysian, are now in the care of a non-governmental organisation following their rescue last month, the report said.
Police said they were of Indian and Tanzanian origin and came to the UK in the 1960s. They were previously arrested in the 1970s, but it is not known if they were charged.
Thirty-seven officers from the Metropolitan police' human trafficking unit are working on the case.
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