The Financial Stability Board (FSB), which advises G20 countries on banking reform, said banks considered "too big to fail" had still not done enough in the wake the 2008 financial crisis to ensure their own survival should disaster strike again.
To protect taxpayers from having to foot the bill of banking bailouts again, the biggest banks should raise between 457 billion and 1.1 trillion euros of additional cash, it said.
This requirement would grow to 18 percent by 2022, according to the body's final recommendations.
"The FSB has agreed a robust global standard so that G-SIBs can fail without placing the rest of the financial system or public funds at risk of loss," FSB chairman Mark Carney, who is also Bank of England governor, said in a statement.
In a letter to G20 governments Carney added that no reform would ever offer "absolute" protection against shocks to the banking system but that the new measures would help ensure that in future the banks, and not taxpayers, would face the consequences of their actions.
