The meeting by ministers and representatives from 30 countries "will discuss how governments can facilitate market-driven industry restructuring and aims to agree on steps to reduce competition-distorting policies," said a statement by organisers, the OECD.
China produces about half of the globe's steel output and is accused of flooding the world market with oversupply sold at below cost in violation of global trade rules.
Tata Steel put its loss-making British operation up for sale last month leaving thousands of jobs at risk, in the latest example of the crisis hitting the steel industry.
The OECD, the grouping of world industrialised countries, plans to issue a joint statement at the end of the talks, but a source said divisions made any positive outcome uncertain.
Angry steel manufacturers in Europe have urged the EU to mirror the United States in punishing China with fresh tariffs, but the Brussels based bloc has so far proved reluctant to challenge Beijing more directly on the issue.
French Economy Minister Emmanuel Macron will meet the EU's Trade Commissioner Cecilia Malmstroem on the sidelines of the meeting to press for a tougher stance against China.
"The Europeans have been more negligent than anybody," said Mario Longhi, chief executive of US Steel, the biggest steelmaker in the United States, in an interview last week.
China made no official declaration before the talks, but an editorial by the official Xinhua news agency accused governments of embracing protectionism which will damage the global economy.
"Blaming other countries is always an easy, sure-fire way for politicians to whip up a storm over domestic economic woes, but finger-pointing and protectionism are counter-productive," the editorial said.
Chinese steel output rose in March, official data showed last week, despite repeated pledges by the world's top producer to cut capacity.