Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, from the Indian Air Force, spent 18 days aboard the International Space Station in 2025. The following extract is from his book, with permission from the publisher, Penguin Vintage. It costs ₹599.
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LET ME TELL YOU ABOUT A NORMAL DAY IN SPACE. Although, to call anything in space “normal” is to immediately expose yourself as someone who has not spent much time there. Normal, by definition, implies a baseline. And space, with cheerful indifference, dismantles
every baseline you arrived with. Our bodies have evolved in the environment of gravity. Never seen anything else. Hence, when you first arrive in space, your bodies undergo transformation. Changes that you had read but never felt.
Then there is this concept of time itself. While orbiting Earth at 28,000 km per hour, the station laps the entire planet every 90 minutes. The sun rises and sets, not once, but sixteen times in a single 24-hour period. Sixteen sunrises. Sixteen sunsets. Each one, I should mention, more breathtaking than anything you will ever see from the ground, painting the curvature of Earth in colours that have no adequate names. If you allowed natural light to govern your body clock up here, your circadian rhythm would dissolve into something resembling madness within days. So instead, we run on GMT. Arbitrary, collective, entirely human, the decision that time is whatever we agree it is, enforced by a timetable of almost military precision. No Mondays. No Fridays. No weekends arriving like a rescue party at the end of a long week. Instead, the days are numbered with the unsentimental neutrality of mission elapsed time-GMT 175, GMT 176-one indistinguishable from the next except for what the schedule demands of each. And on your iPad, a thin red line moves with quiet, relentless authority across the day’s activities, marking exactly where you should be against where you actually are. Every astronaut aboard the ISS, regardless of experience and seniority, shares one universal condition: they are perpetually, desperately chasing the red line. It waits for no one. It offers no sympathy. It simply moves.
The day officially begins at 6.00. I preferred 5.45, a habit from Earth, and one of the few I managed to transport intact. Fifteen minutes before the red line begins its march. Fifteen minutes of quiet in a place that is, in almost every other respect, anything but quiet; the ventilation fans run constantly at a hum that registers at around 60 decibels, roughly equivalent to a conversation in a busy restaurant, necessary to prevent pockets of exhaled carbon dioxide from accumulating around sleeping crew. Silence, in space, is engineered. Those 15 minutes were mine.
The first task of the morning is one that ground-dwellers will find charmingly mundane-packing away your sleeping bag. Short-duration crew, which included me on Axiom Mission-4, entails that the mission pilot sleeps aboard the Dragon capsule. In the morning the bag must be rolled, secured and stowed according to safety protocols. It sounds like a small thing. In microgravity, small things have a way of demanding your full attention.