Conflict zone: Civil war in Sudan

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A civil war erupted in Sudan in April 2023 after a vicious power tussle began between the Sudanese Army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a paramilitary group. In what might be one of the world's largest humanitarian crises ever, the conflict has seen over 150,000 deaths and 12 million people displaced as of July, according to the BBC.

The conflict is witnessing an influx of the latest foreign weaponry, including drones, rifles, and defence systems from countries like Russia, Türkiye, China, and the United Arab Emirates, according to Amnesty International.

The lead picture features the Sudanese Army’s Turkish-made Bayraktar TB2 drones, which offer an affordable solution, long flight duration, and explosive payload ability.

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The next picture showcases the RSF’s Chinese-developed FB-10A short-range missile defence systems, consisting of four ready-to-fire missiles, which recently intercepted the military’s various drone attacks.

The third picture displays the M4 carbine assault rifle, an advanced, lightweight, gas-operated gun specialised for close-quarters combat. Originally made in the United States, it is reportedly used by both sides in the war.

The final picture shows the Sudanese Army’s Turkish-made Bayraktar Akinci long-endurance artificial intelligence-powered unmanned combat aerial vehicle, which was shot down by the RSF in El Fasher in North Darfur using a Chinese defence system.

Despite an existing arms embargo and sanctions imposed on Sudan, military equipment is being smuggled into Darfur by manufacturers through illicit supply chains. Media reports have also highlighted the army’s use of chemical weapons against the RSF.