US gasoline also fell about three per cent, while heating oil slid one per cent, as the selloff extended to refined products on the New York petroleum futures complex.
"Much of Monday's selling is being led by the crude benchmarks that are, in turn, responding to some disappointing Japanese industrial production guidance," said Jim Ritterbusch at Chicago-based oil markets consultancy Ritterbusch & Associates.
Japan's total oil product sales in November fell to a 46-year low, data showed.
In Europe, demand growth for oil products turned negative in October, analysts at JBC Energy said in a report, citing figures from the Joint Organisations Data Initiative - the first year-on-year decline this year, JBC said.
But thin trading volumes ahead of the year-end holidays and jitters about colder weather forecasts also could prevent new lows in crude for now, Ritterbusch said.
"Downside price response will likely be limited by updated weekend forecasts for some colder northeast temperatures through about the first third of January," he said.
US crude's West Texas Intermediate (WTI) futures fell $1.23 to $36.87.
Figures from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Opec's) imply a glut of more than 2 million barrels per day, equal to more than two per cent of world demand. Oversupply is expected to persist into the earlier part of next year. "The global supply and demand tables are still showing a heavy picture for the first half of 2016," said Olivier Jakob, oil analyst at Petromatrix.
Crude futures have plunged nearly 70 per cent from highs above $100 a barrel in June 2014 after Opec, led by top exporter Saudi Arabia, dropped its longstanding policy of cutting output to support prices in favour of defending market share.
While the collapse has partly achieved Opec's goals by curbing growth of competing supplies, it has put finances in producing nations under more strain, even in the relatively wealthy Gulf states.
Saudi Arabia on Monday announced plans to shrink a record state budget deficit with spending cuts and a drive to raise revenues from sources other than oil.
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