Gen Sultan Mahmoud, the head of the army in southern Helmand province, where the incident took place on Wednesday night, said the soldiers were arrested late on Friday. Another eight soldiers were still under investigation, he told The Associated Press.
"There is still a possibility of more arrests because the investigation is not over yet but those who were directly involved have been arrested today," he said.
An initial probe found soldiers had fired at a house from two directions while the wedding party was in full swing in the volatile district of Sangin, in the poppy-producing Helmand River valley.
Officials in the province earlier said that the artillery fire wounded at least 51 people at the house in the Sarwankhala area of Sangin, where government forces and Taliban insurgents have fought skirmishes for the last six months since US forces withdrew.
About 300 people travelled from Sangin to the provincial capital of Helmand, 85 kilometers (52 miles) away to protest outside the home of the governor and demand justice for the dead.
The incident happened just hours before Afghanistan's own forces took control Thursday of nationwide security after the end of the 13-year international combat mission led by the United States and NATO.
Fighting continues across the country, however, as Taliban insurgents test the capacity of the Afghan forces, trained mainly by the US military but now operating largely without their help.
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