The lawsuit by Paul Manafort, filed in federal court here, is the most direct challenge to date to Mueller's legal authority and the scope of his mandate as special counsel.
It comes amid Republican allegations of partisan bias among members of Mueller's team, which for months has been investigating whether the Trump campaign coordinated with Russia to influence the outcome of the US election.
Manafort was indicted in October on charges, including money-laundering conspiracy, related to his lobbying work on behalf of a Russia-friendly Ukrainian political party.
He has pleaded not guilty. He is one of four Trump associates including former national security adviser Michael Flynn to be charged so far in Mueller's investigation.
In his complaint , Manafort alleges that the investigation into "decade-old business dealings" is "completely unmoored" from the mandate Mueller was given when he was named in May to probe possible ties between the Kremlin and the Trump campaign. He argues that a paragraph in Rosenstein's order appointing Mueller, which allows him to pursue new matters he comes across during his investigation, is too broad to be permitted under the regulation that governs special counsels.
The lawsuit asks a judge to set aside all actions brought against Manafort by the special counsel's office and to issue an order narrowing the scope of Mueller's investigation to only matters explicitly laid out in the appointment order. The complaint also alleges that Rosenstein's order was overly broad and arbitrary, and urges a judge to strike it down as an "abuse of discretion."
A Justice Department spokesman said, "The lawsuit is frivolous, but the defendant is entitled to file whatever he wants." A spokesman for Mueller's office, Peter Carr, declined to comment.
Manafort acknowledged in his complaint that his foreign business dealings have been of interest for years to federal prosecutors. He said he met voluntarily with Justice Department prosecutors and FBI agents in July 2014, or three years before Mueller's appointment, to discuss his "offshore political consulting activities."
He said that during the interview, he discussed in detail his activities in Ukraine, his relationships with diplomats in Kiev and his offshore banking in Cyprus.
Manafort's lawyer had asked Rosenstein in September to say whether he had granted Mueller the authority to investigate Manafort for potential tax and other white-collar crimes dating back a decade. But according to the complaint, Rosenstein has not responded to that request.
Rosenstein has been publicly supportive of the special counsel's work. He told a congressional committee last month that he had signed off on Mueller's investigative moves, including what fell within his authorized scope.
Asked by a congressman if there was a "solid factual basis" for the criminal charges against Manafort, Rosenstein said he was "comfortable with the process that was followed with regard to that indictment.
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