Resuming on 50-3, the visitors lost five wickets in an extended morning session on the second day to reach 163-8, still trailing Bangladesh's first innings total of 220 by 57 runs.
Joe Root, unbeaten on 15, offered the lone resistance for England with a fighting half-century as he made 56 off 122 balls before he was out leg before by left-arm spinner Taijul Islam.
Jonny Barstow, who made 24, gave him some support in their 45-run sixth wicket stand but that could not deny Bangladesh from gaining an upper hand after play resumed half-an-hour early.
Bangladesh lost that match by 22 runs despite Mehedi's heroics. He claimed seven wickets in the Test, including 6-80 in an innings.
On Saturday, Mehedi again drew the first blood on the second day of the second Test, bowling overnight batsman Moeen Ali for 10 in the third over.
Taijul removed danger-man Ben Stokes, the man of the match in the first Test, for a duck, two overs later as Mominul Haque took a diving catch at forward short leg.
He hit Barstow plumb in front and the batsman left the crease without waiting to review the leg-before decision.
Debutant Zafar Ansari survived a catch on the fifth ball he faced but could contribute just 13 before Mehedi forced him to offer a catch at slip to Shuvagata Hom to complete his five-wicket haul.
Taijul provided Bangladesh a huge breakthrough when he hit Root plumb in his back foot to end his lone fight and expose England's tail finally.
Disclaimer: No Business Standard Journalist was involved in creation of this content
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