Putin's, Xi's ruler-for-life moves pose challenges to West

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Russia's Vladimir Putin and China's Xi Jinping have established themselves as the world's most powerful authoritarian leaders in decades.

Now it looks like they want to hang on to those roles indefinitely.

Putin's sudden announcement this week of constitutional changes that could allow him to extend control way beyond the end of his term in 2024 echoes Xi's move in 2018 to eliminate constitutional term limits on the head of state.

That could give them many more years at the helm of two major powers that are frequently at odds with Washington and the West over issues ranging from economic espionage and foreign policy to democracy and human rights.

Both moves reflect their forceful personalities and determination to restore their countries to their former glory after years of perceived humiliation by the West. They also mesh with a trend of strong-man rulers taking power from Hungary and Brazil to the Philippines.

Russia and China are on another level though when it comes to influencing international events China through its economic might and rising military, Russia through its willingness to insert itself into conflicts such as the Syrian one and to try to influence overseas elections through misinformation or make mischief through cyber attacks.

Putin "believes that Russia is more powerful today than it has been since the end of the Cold War, including in places such as the Middle East", said Ramon Pacheco Pardo of the Department of European & International Studies at King's College London.

"Thus, it is a good time to remain in power and use this power."