A total of 706 people died as a result of drug abuse in 2015 - the largest number ever recorded, according to a report by the National Records of Scotland.
It represents a 15 per cent increase on the figure for 2014, when 613 people died.
The number of drug deaths in Scotland have been steadily increasing since 1995, when 426 deaths were recorded.
The report also reveals the effect of drug abuse on older users - almost three-quarters (73 per cent) of deaths were among people aged over 35.
Men made up 69 per cent of drugs deaths in 2015, the BBC reported.
The Scottish government said the health risks posed by older drug users was a "key challenge" for Scotland.
Aileen Campbell, the minister for public health, said ageing drug users were experiencing increasingly poor health.
"This is a legacy of Scotland's drug misuse which stretches back decades," she added.
A spokeswoman for Addaction Scotland said the group was "deeply concerned" about drugs death trends.
She highlighted a reduction in the number of fixed site needle exchanges, which are often users' entry point for treatment.
She added: "The situation of increasing drug related deaths is not helped by the uncertainty of current and future funding of services.
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