Those indicted face a range of charges including violating laws on demonstrations, damaging a place of worship and protecting criminals, as well as injuring civil servants and hijacking public transport vehicles, a statement from the Istanbul public prosecutor's office said.
It did not disclose the nationalities of the foreigners.
At least six people died and 8,000 people were injured in the three weeks of anti-government unrest that posed the biggest challenge to Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan's rule yet.
The environmental campaign spiralled into a mass outpouring of anger against Erdogan, who critics say is an increasingly authoritarian and polarising leader after 11 years in office.
The Istanbul prosecutor's office also said 308 suspects were being investigated over 40 separate cases but it was not clear if these included the 255 charged.
Some of the protesters had taken refuge in the Dolmabahce mosque on the banks of the Bosphorus near the Ottoman palace which Erdogan uses as his office in the city.
Erdogan had accused some demonstrators of entering the mosque armed with beer bottles and wearing shoes, but this was denied by the imam, who was later discharged from his post.
Several trials related to the protests are already taking place across the country.
Last week, an Ankara court withdrew from the trial of a riot policeman accused of killing a 26-year-old protester during demonstrations in the capital because of concerns over its impartiality.
Prosecutors in the western city of Canakkale are also seeking a two-year jail term for a 13-year-old child on charges of damaging public property during the protests, Radikal newspaper reported today.
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