If found guilty, Bilal Ahmed, 33, faces a maximum penalty of 20 years in prison and a USD 1 million fine.
He was released on a USD 100,000 secure bond.
According to the Justice Department, the case involves a FLIR HRC-U thermal-imaging camera, which was on the Commerce Department's list of controlled export goods for reasons of national security and regional stability.
As a controlled material, a license was required from the Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security to export the camera to certain countries, including Pakistan.
He was initially charged in a criminal complaint and arrested on March 14, and he was subsequently released on a USD 100,000 secure bond.
No date has been set yet for Ahmed to be arraigned in a US District Court in Chicago.
According to the complaint affidavit and the indictment, Ahmed was the owner, president, and registered agent of Trexim Corp which used the address of a virtual office.
Ahmed took delivery of the camera on February 27 at a commercial shipping store.
On March 7, Ahmed allegedly took the camera, packaged in two boxes, to a different commercial shipper located in Elk Grove Village and left the packages to be shipped to a company in Pakistan, the Justice Department said.
The waybill included a handwritten note containing the letters "NLR", meaning no license required.
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