State television broadcast footage of Mubarak appearing in the court in a wheelchair. He was dressed in a jacket, striped shirt and wearing dark sunglasses.
It was his second appearance in the court since his release from Cairo's Tora prison last month.
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He had been convicted in June last year of complicity in the deaths of protesters and sentenced to life in prison, but a retrial was ordered in January after he appealed.
The charges carry a maximum penalty of death.
Lawyers defending Mubarak, his interior minister Habib al-Adly, his two sons Ala and Gamal and six security chiefs argue Islamists were primarily responsible for violence during the 2011 revolution.
Mubarak's ouster was a pivotal moment in regional democratic upheavals that in Egypt led to an Islamist government, which itself lasted only a year before a military coup ousted it.
The former strongman has been held under house arrest at a military hospital since he left Tora jail last month.
Since his first court appearance in August 2011, Mubarak has been treated for a range of ailments including a heart condition and depression. He was even reported to have slipped into a coma last year.
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