Opener Aiden Markram (94), playing on his home ground, missed a well-deserved century by a whisker after he was caught behind off Ashwin (2-53). Overall, he faced 150 balls and hit 15 fours.
At the break, Hashim Amla (35) and AB de Villiers (16) were at the crease.
Resuming at 78-0, Markram and Dean Elgar (31) took their opening stand to 85 runs before Ashwin got the first breakthrough for India early in the session.
India then attacked Amla with short stuff and also tried to lure him outside the off-stump. Jasprit Bumrah (0-43) was unimpressive in this spell, unable to find the right line to attack the batsmen.
Mohammed Shami (0-33) was haywire too, and India had to recall Ishant Sharma (0-27) and Ashwin back into the attack.
Meanwhile, Amla and Markram added 63 runs for the second wicket.
Markram's wicket came against the run of play. He asked for DRS review and was a tad unlucky as the edge was doubtful. But there wasn't sufficient evidence to overturn the on-field umpire's decision.
Amla got a reprieve at 30 when he was dropped by Parthiv Patel off Ishant in the 51st over, the ball going down leg side after the batsman edged it.
Meanwhile, Mohammed Shami had a mild headache and he went back to the dressing room for some treatment, before returning to the field.
Earlier, South Africa had reached 78-0 at lunch making first use of an easy day one pitch.
Elgar and Markram had started watchfully against the new-ball pairing of Bumrah and Shami, the latter conceding 23 runs off his four overs.
Hardik Pandya (0-20) came on to bowl in the 13th over. By the 20th over, when Ashwin was introduced into the attack, India had used up all their frontline bowlers in just over an hour's play.
Ashwin too probed Elgar, and in the 24th over, had a caught-behind appeal turned down. India opted for DRS review but there was no edge.
The Proteas had crossed 50 in the 21st over. Meanwhile, Markram reached his second Test half-century off 81 balls, just before the break.
India made three changes to their eleven, with KL Rahul replacing Shikhar Dhawan and Ishant Sharma coming in for Bhuvneshwar Kumar.
Wriddhiman Saha was ruled out due to a strain and he was replaced with Parthiv Patel.
Disclaimer: No Business Standard Journalist was involved in creation of this content
You’ve reached your limit of {{free_limit}} free articles this month.
Subscribe now for unlimited access.
Already subscribed? Log in
Subscribe to read the full story →
Smart Quarterly
₹900
3 Months
₹300/Month
Smart Essential
₹2,700
1 Year
₹225/Month
Super Saver
₹3,900
2 Years
₹162/Month
Renews automatically, cancel anytime
Here’s what’s included in our digital subscription plans
Exclusive premium stories online
Over 30 premium stories daily, handpicked by our editors


Complimentary Access to The New York Times
News, Games, Cooking, Audio, Wirecutter & The Athletic
Business Standard Epaper
Digital replica of our daily newspaper — with options to read, save, and share


Curated Newsletters
Insights on markets, finance, politics, tech, and more delivered to your inbox
Market Analysis & Investment Insights
In-depth market analysis & insights with access to The Smart Investor


Archives
Repository of articles and publications dating back to 1997
Ad-free Reading
Uninterrupted reading experience with no advertisements


Seamless Access Across All Devices
Access Business Standard across devices — mobile, tablet, or PC, via web or app
