The apex court said that the work of the verification of around one crore citizens in the state should continue without interference from any quarter.
A bench comprising justices Ranjan Gogoi and R F Nariman said that it would monitor the progress of the NRC work in Assam after 30 days.
When Attorney General K K Venugopal told the bench that it was not "physically possible" to complete the work by May 31, the apex court said its business was to make the impossible possible.
The bench also made it clear that the upcoming panchayat and local body elections in Assam, which are scheduled to be held in the months of March and April, 2018 will be conducted by the state election commission and the state government.
"The work of holding panchayat and local body elections in Assam will not be at the cost of upgrading and preparation of NRC and the NRC work will continue as before with full deployment," the bench said.
The bench also did not accept the request to appoint an additional state coordinator for NRC work and said that incumbent coordinator Prateek Hajela would continue to carry out the exercise till it reaches its logical conclusion.
The bench has listed the matter for further hearing on March 27.
Earlier, the first draft NRC for Assam was published in December end as per the apex court's direction to come out with the first draft NRC by December 31, 2017.
The apex court had on November 30 said that on the expiry of midnight of December 31, the draft NRC pertaining to 2.38 crore claims, would be published. The NRC is prepared to identify illegal migrants in Assam.
The court had observed this while rejecting the Centre's plea seeking extension of time for publication of the draft NRC.
The NRC of 1951 is being updated for Assam in accordance with the tripartite agreement among the state and central governments and the influential All Assam Students Union (AASU), which was arrived at in 2005 to implement the 1985 Assam Accord.
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