Cartosat satellite launch: India puts another 'eye in the sky'

India today successfully put into orbit a satellite that will give a boost to its military surveillance capabilities along with 30 other tiny satellites --all but one of them foreign--from a single rocket in yet another milestone for its low-cost space programme.
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle of the Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) in its 40th flight (PSLV-C38) lifted off majestically from the first launch pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre here at 9.29 am and injected the 31 satellites into orbit about 27 minutes after lift off, amid applause from scientists.
Dubbed as a 'smart eye in the sky', the 712-kg Cartosat-2 series earth observation spacecraft launched by the 44.4-metre tall rocket as its primary payload is an advanced remote sensing satellite that is expected to give defence surveillance a leg up. The 31 satellites together weighed 955 kg.

Today's mission was the second highest number of satellites to be launched by the ISRO using a single rocket.
On February 15 this year, the PSLV-C37 mission launched 104 satellites into orbit at one go, scripting history. Of this, 101 satellites were from foreign countries.
With the launch of the third spacecraft in the Cartosat-2 series, the images sent by the dedicated satellite for defence forces is expected to become sharper and wider.

The previous satellite in the series had a resolution of 0.8 metres and the images it took over India's neighbourhood had helped New Delhi carry out surgical strikes on seven terror launch pads across the Line of Control last year, according to ISRO sources.

The latest remote sensing satellite has a resolution of 0.6 metres, which means it can spot even smaller objects.
"It can recognise objects within that square (0.6 m by 0.6 m)", an ISRO official told PTI on condition of anonymity.
"Defence surveillance will get a leg-up. It can be used in identifying terrorist camps and bunkers... Some formations," the official said.
Once this satellite becomes operational, it would be "handed over" to the defence forces, which have their own "set up," including ground-stations and trained manpower to access data, the official said.
The ISRO said after a flight of 16 minutes the Cartosat-2 series satellite achieved a polar Sun Synchronous Orbit of 505 km inclined at an angle of 97.44 degree to the equator very close to the intended orbit.

Later, all the other 30 satellites successfully separated from the PSLV in a predetermined sequence.
After separation of the satellite, the two solar arrays of Cartosat-2 series satellite were deployed automatically and ISRO's Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) at Bengaluru took over the control of the satellite, an ISRO release said.
"In the coming days, the satellite will be brought to its final operational configuration following which it will begin to provide various remote sensing services," it said.
The co-passenger satellites includes a nano satellite designed and developed by the Noorul Islam University in Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu.

The NIUSAT satellite would provide multi-spectral imagery for agricultural crop monitoring and disaster management support applications.
The other 29 nano satellites are from 14 countries-- - Austria, Belgium, Chile, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.
As the satellites were injected into orbit one by one, the scientists broke into cheers at the Mission Control Centre.
President Pranab Mukherjee and Prime Minister Narendra Modi hailed ISRO for the successful mission.
"Congratulations to ISRO team on the successful launch of PSLV-C38 carrying 31 satellites," Mukherjee said in a tweet.

Modi said in a tweet: "Congratulations to ISRO on its 40th successful Polar satellite launch carrying 31 satellites from 15 countries. You make us proud!"
As the satellites were injected into orbit one by one, the scientists broke into cheers at the Mission Control Centre.
Lauding the scientists, ISRO chairman A S Kiran Kumar said the mission was successful.
"I congratulate the hard work of the entire team, especially the Cartosat team. This particular mission has been successful, it has put all the satellites into the orbit," he said.
The PSLV-C38 is the 17th flight of PSLV XL configuration (with the use of solid strap-on motors).

The ISRO had on June 5 launched its most powerful and heaviest geostationary rocket carrying advanced communication satellite GSAT-19, weighing 3,136 kg, from the spaceport here. Every stage of the three-stage GSLV MkIII with indigenous cryogenic engine had performed well.
"Our effort of continuing to provide increased earth observation, navigation as well as communication will continue and we have many more activities to be performed in the coming days," he said.
The space agency said the 29 international customer Nano satellites are being launched as part of the commercial arrangements between Antrix Corporation Limited (Antrix), commercial arm of ISRO and international customers.

Cartosat-2 is a remote sensing satellite and it is similar in configuration to earlier satellites in the series with the objective of providing high-resolution scene specific spot imagery.
The imagery sent by the satellite would be useful for cartographic applications, urban and rural, coastal land use and regulation, utility management like road network monitoring, water distribution, creation of land use maps, change detection to bring out geographical and man-made features and various other land information system(LIS)as well as geographical information systems (GIS).