England medium-pacer Chris Woakes (1-13), who shared the new ball with James Anderson after Stuart Broad was retired hurt post getting a hit on the nose while batting, trapped Vijay LBW for 18 to give the hosts an early breakthrough.
The visitors trail by another 182 runs with Gautam Gambhir (12) Cheteshwar Pujara (3) battling it out with another two days and a session of play remaining, weather permitting.
Root (77) and Buttler (70) stitched a 134-run seventh-wicket partnership to give the Three Lions the grip over Test match but Indian medium-pacer Pankaj Singh got the two dangermen late into the morning session.
Bhuvneshwar Kumar (3-75) and Varun Aaron 3-97) did not contribute with the wickets today but Ravindra Jadeja bagged one to help wipe off the English tail in the first hour of the second session.
A broad-less Enland team then took the field and worked hard to get as many wickets on the day to put the visitors on the mat.
Chris Jordan (0-12) was the other bowler deployed, while Moeen Ali (0-4) also bowled one over before the break.
Broad was away getting stitches after being hit on his nose by a Aaron's short-delivery earlier in the session, and there is no word yet on whether he will be bowling in this second innings.
