The reported firing drills -- some shot from a war ship -- came just hours after Pyongyang informed South Korea of its plans to conduct the exercise.
The artillery rounds were fired near the South's Baengnyeong and Yeonpyeong islands, but none landed on the south side of the disputed border in the Yellow Sea, the Yonhap news agency reported.
The North's military has said it will stage the firing drills any time between 3:00 pm (0600 GMT) Wednesday and midnight Friday in its territorial waters, South Korea's Defence Ministry said.
For its drills, the North's coast artillery designated two areas near South Korea's front-line islands close to the sea border, he said.
"We see such drills as a threatening attitude aimed at stirring up tensions in a sensitive area," he said, adding South Korea would react "sternly" if North Korean shells fell south of the border.
Cross-border tensions have soared since Pyongyang's state media announced Saturday that a new submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) had been successfully tested under the personal supervision of North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un, who described it as a "world-level strategic weapon".
The North followed up the SLBM launch by test firing three anti-ship cruise missiles on Saturday.
Pyongyang has also threatened to fire on sight at South Korean navy patrol boats it accuses of routinely entering its territorial waters in the Yellow Sea.
Seoul has denied any incursions.
South Korean President Park Geun-Hye warned that Pyongyang's SLBM development posed a "serious challenge" to regional stability and vowed a strong military response to any provocation from Pyongyang.
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