The senior-most berths in the Cabinet were confirmed soon after the election results were out with Chancellor George Osborne, Home Secretary Theresa May, Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond and Defence Secretary Michael Fallon being re-confirmed in their respective posts.
Patel, who was re-elected from Witham in Essex with a big majority in the May 7 general election, replaces another female MP in the Cabinet, Esther McVey, who lost in the polls.
While the London-born mother of one will not be in charge of the Department for Work and Pensions, she has been given a Cabinet rank as a promotion from her previous role as Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury.
It remains to be seen if she will also carry on in her honorary role as the British Prime Minister's Indian Diaspora Champion.
Her appointment reflects Cameron's plans to shake up the party's old fashioned all-male image and have a significant number of women around the Cabinet table.
Cameron had already confirmed Nicky Morgan in her previous post as Secretary of State for Education and Minister for Women and Equalities.
Jeremy Hunt will continue as Health Secretary and Patrick McLoughlin continues as Secretary of State for Transport. Greg Clark replaces Eric Pickles as Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government.
Johnson, widely seen as a Conservative party leadership contender, will attend Political Cabinet until he completes his term as mayor in 2016 when he is expected to be given an official portfolio.
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