Military action by the US is not among the options being considered, deputy spokesman Josh Earnest said.
"The options available to the president are being considered with some urgency," he told reporters, adding that sanctions were the only measure under active consideration.
In Brussels, the 28-nation European Union decided today in an emergency meeting to impose sanctions against those behind the violence, including a travel ban and an asset freeze against some Ukrainian officials.
President Barack Obama discussed the situation by telephone with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, the White House said.
Earnest said the Ukrainian government has the primary responsibility for keeping the peace, but that the Ukrainian people must also respect their right to peaceful protest. He said "having those rights trampled" is a source of some concern to the US, and again called on the government and the opposition to negotiate a political solution to restore order.
"Basic human rights that we hold so dear in this country are not being respected in that country," Earnest said.
Ukrainian government snipers fired upon advancing protesters in the capital of Kiev today, killing at least 70 people and wounding hundreds of others.
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