 "research, development")
India has landed on the moon on a shoestring budget, becoming only the fourth country in the world to do so. India’s successful moonshot was a remarkable achievement, especially considering that much of its space programme has been developed indigenously. One key reason for this is that within India’s limited spending on research and development (R&D), priority has been given to its space endeavours. While we applaud our space programme, our broader underspend in R&D needs to be addressed.
India’s R&D spending peaked at around 0.8 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2008, and has declined since then
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