If Rousseff survives the Senate trial, expected to conclude in August, the Constitution would provide for her to serve out her term until 2018, although she would be scarred and in a weak position to govern.
Rousseff's proposal for early elections is seen by many political analysts as a way out of Brazil's political crisis because it would subject a political class tainted by scandal to a popular vote.
Rousseff's supporters have questioned the legitimacy of an interim government led by her Vice-President Michel Temer, which is governing while she is suspended for the duration of the trial.
Protesters took to the streets of several cities in Brazil late on Friday in the first widespread organised demonstration against Temer. There were no official estimates regarding the number of people in the protests.
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