The reported detentions of New York-based Wen Yunchao's family members would be the latest in a widening crackdown following publication of an anonymous letter calling on Xi to step down for the good of the country.
Wen cited a relative as saying the three were "taken away" from their home in the southern province of Guangdong by government officials. Wen said his father had warned him he was suspected of distributing the letter.
China Researcher at Amnesty International William Nee said: "The authorities should call off the political hounding of those suspected to be behind the open letter and release all those detained in connection with it".
"The persecution of family members of dissidents is a draconian and unlawful tactic that makes a mockery of China's claims to respect the rule of law," he added.
The letter, seen by AFP in a cached form, berated Xi for centralising authority, mishandling the economy and tightening ideological controls.
"Due to your gathering of all power into your own hands... we are now facing unprecedented problems and crises in the politics, economics, ideology, and culture," it said.
The BBC today cited sources as saying a total of 20 people have been detained in connection with the document.
Wen said his father had earlier told him that officials in Guangdong believed he had "helped spread" the letter and his brother would lose his job if he did not reveal its source.
Chinese journalist Jia Jia was detained at Beijing's main airport ahead of a flight to Hong Kong last week, with rights groups linking his detention to an official probe into the letter.
Lawyer Yan Xin told AFP that Jia had been released on today evening, without giving details.
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