Najib has kept an iron grip since graft allegations emerged two years ago in the indebted 1MDB state investment fund that he founded. The fund is at the center of investigations in the U.S. And several other countries.
Electoral reform group Bersih said Najib must step down to allow an independent investigation into 1MDB.
"We are taking to the street because there is something rotten in the state of Malaysia. Poor governance and a lack of accountability have resulted in grand corruption in 1MDB," said Bersih chairwoman Maria Chin.
Bersih is supported by many civil groups as well as opposition parties. A rally it organized in August 2015 also demanding Najib's resignation attracted 50,000 people according to police estimates. Bersih said the number was much higher.
Police have banned both rallies on Saturday and the government has warned that police will act against any participants.
Najib, who was in Japan for a visit, was quoted by the national Bernama news agency as saying that trying to change the government through street protests is unconstitutional and leads to chaos.
Chin said the people have a right to peaceful assembly. "We are protesting because keeping silent on corruption and abuse of power is not an option," she said.
The 1MDB fund has been at the center of investigations in the US and several countries amid allegations of a global embezzlement and money-laundering scheme. Najib started the fund shortly after taking office in 2009 to promote economic development projects, but the fund accumulated billions in debt over the years.
The government complaints also say that more than USD 700 million has landed in the accounts of "Malaysian Official 1." They did not name the official, but appear to be referring to Najib. The prime minister has denied any wrongdoing since the allegations of massive fraud in the fund erupted last year.
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