Skipper Michael Clarke named the side at his pre-match media conference on Saturday and said Nathan Coulter-Nile and Clint McKay would share the new ball.
Pattinson's absence comes as Australia rest their Ashes player of the series and leading wicket-taker Mitchell Johnson from game one of the five-match ODI series.
Opening batsman Shaun Marsh has also been unable to win selection for Sunday's opener, with Aaron Finch likely to partner David Warner at the top of the order and Shane Watson at number three.
Australia are rated second in ODI cricket behind India, with England at three.
"For the guys who do play Test cricket, it's quite easy to take your foot off the pedal," Clarke said.
"This one-day unit, we know we are not the number one team in the world at this stage. That is our goal.
"We as a team have no complacency, where you're sitting there expecting that because the result was five-nil in the Test series, that the one-day result will be the same.
England paceman Stuart Broad is expected to skip the first two matches of the series in Melbourne and Brisbane.
That rest, which includes a tour game in Canberra in between, will allow Broad time to recover from the gruelling Test series.
The 27-year-old was England's most dependable bowler, with a team-high 21 wickets at 27.52 making him the side's leading wicket-taker.
Australia: Michael Clarke (capt), George Bailey, Nathan Coulter-Nile, Xavier Doherty, James Faulkner, Aaron Finch, Brad Haddin, Clint McKay, Glenn Maxwell, David Warner, Shane Watson.
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