A volley of tear gas rained down on protesters and more tents went up in flames as riot squads took up position around a monument in the centre of Independence Square shortly after 4:00am.
Protesters, who have camped out on the square for nearly three months, dug up paving stones and hurled Molotov cocktails in a desperate bid to repel the onslaught after hours of bloody clashes.
The surge in violence, in a country torn between a future allied to the West or to Russia, sparked alarm in Europe and the United States.
However a defiant President Viktor Yanukovych refused calls to halt the ferocious assault on the bloodiest day since protests broke out in November, when he ditched a pact with the EU in favour of closer ties with former Soviet master Russia.
"The leaders of the opposition have disregarded the principle of democracy according to which we obtain power through elections and not on the street ... They have crossed the limits by calling for people to take up arms," he said, adding those responsible would face the law.
Kiev was essentially in lockdown as authorities halted the city's metro system and limited road traffic coming into the capital.
Police said nine officers had died from gunshot wounds, while authorities and medics counted nine civilian deaths since Tuesday morning.
More than 150 people were injured, including dozens of police officers, some with serious wounds.
"If we hold on until morning, we have a chance to make it out," one protester said.
You’ve reached your limit of {{free_limit}} free articles this month.
Subscribe now for unlimited access.
Already subscribed? Log in
Subscribe to read the full story →
Smart Quarterly
₹900
3 Months
₹300/Month
Smart Essential
₹2,700
1 Year
₹225/Month
Super Saver
₹3,900
2 Years
₹162/Month
Renews automatically, cancel anytime
Here’s what’s included in our digital subscription plans
Exclusive premium stories online
Over 30 premium stories daily, handpicked by our editors


Complimentary Access to The New York Times
News, Games, Cooking, Audio, Wirecutter & The Athletic
Business Standard Epaper
Digital replica of our daily newspaper — with options to read, save, and share


Curated Newsletters
Insights on markets, finance, politics, tech, and more delivered to your inbox
Market Analysis & Investment Insights
In-depth market analysis & insights with access to The Smart Investor


Archives
Repository of articles and publications dating back to 1997
Ad-free Reading
Uninterrupted reading experience with no advertisements


Seamless Access Across All Devices
Access Business Standard across devices — mobile, tablet, or PC, via web or app
