Colleagues, who gathered at the hospital in the capital Juba where Peter Moi's body was taken today, said the reporter's money and his telephone were not taken by the gunman after the killing.
He is seventh journalist killed this year in the war-ravaged country.
"This was an intentional killing," said Oliver Modi, chairman of the Union of Journalists of South Sudan.
Moi, a reporter for the New Nation newspaper, was shot dead after leaving work in Juba yesterday evening, colleagues said, in the latest apparent attack on the media.
"If anybody among them (journalists) does not know that this country has killed people, we will demonstrate it one day, one time."
There was no immediate response to the killing from the police or security forces.
"Today it is Peter, tomorrow is someone else," Modi added. "We are being taken one by one."
Five journalists working for state-run media were shot dead along with government officials in January, in an ambush by unknown gunmen in Western Bahr al Ghazal state.
International press freedom watchdog Reporters Without Borders ranks South Sudan as the 125th worst nation out of 180.
Rights groups have repeatedly warned about the security forces cracking down on journalists and suffocating debate on how to end a civil war in which tens of thousands of people have been killed.
Earlier this month security forces shut down two newspapers and a radio station after they reportedly promoted a proposed peace agreement, that the government has since dismissed as a "sellout".
The government say they will return to talks in Ethiopia in early September to "finalise" a peace deal.
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