The violence, which also included power outages, began yesterday on the periphery of Santiago but spread to the metropolitan area overnight, where demonstrators remained in the streets until the early hours.
One initially peaceful march ended with clashes between hooded people and police who fired tear gas into the crowd.
The government reported 140 violent episodes during Sunday's anniversary events marking the military toppling of the elected socialist government of president Salvador Allende in 1973.
He said that those responsible for the violence were criminals who used the day's commemorations to take advantage of the situation.
"Those who are firing guns at night are not people who are commemorating an event, they are people carrying out criminal acts," he said.
One of the injured officers was shot in the leg, but is not in critical condition.
President Michelle Bachelet paid tribute to Allende yesterday, stating that as long as "memory lives, no one has been defeated, no one has been forgotten."
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