Two unnamed people - believed to be relatives of victims of the crackdown four years ago - were charged with defamation after dropping the leaflets onto the street near a busy overground train station in Bangkok, Deputy National Police chief Somyot Poompanmoung told AFP.
"They violated laws in front of police officers," he said, adding they were charged with defamation by publication, a criminal offence which carries a maximum two-year jail term and a hefty fine in Thailand.
Relatives have vowed to press ahead with their campaign for justice for the deceased - who include a nurse who was shot dead on the grounds of a Buddhist temple as she treated the wounded.
Local media reports said three people were arrested in total today, including the mother of the dead nurse.
Scores of demonstrators died under Abhisit's establishment -backed leadership in street clashes between mostly unarmed Red Shirts loyal to fugitive former premier Thaksin Shinawatra and security forces firing live rounds in Bangkok.
But it indicated that the Supreme Court had the authority to hear the charges.
The ruling comes three months after the military seized power from Abhisit's political opponents in a bloodless coup.
No member of the armed forces has been prosecuted in connection with the deaths.
Critics accuse Thailand's courts of being politically influenced, particularly in favour of the Bangkok-based elite and their backers in the army.
The unrest was the most deadly violence in a tumultuous near-decade in Thailand, sparked by the toppling of Thaksin - the one-time policeman-turned telecoms billionaire - from the prime minister's office in another military coup in 2006.
