It was a relatively low-key return for the 86-year-old pope emeritus, off-limits to all but the Vatican's own media service. The service announced shortly after his arrival that expected video coverage would not be provided, sparking doubts over the state of his health.
Benedict had looked extremely frail at his last public appearance in March, and has said that he will live "hidden from the world."
Benedict's secretary Georg Gaenswein is confusingly also the head of Francis's papal household.
But during his two-month stay at Castel Gandolfo, the papal summer residence for centuries, Benedict was careful not to be seen to interfere in any way in the papal election or the beginning of Francis's reign -- and is expected by many to maintain his low profile.
Pope Francis met him at the door of the former monastery which is his new home. The current pontiff has made repeated gestures of friendship towards Benedict, visiting him in Castel Gandolfo, calling him on his birthday and holding mass for him.
The German-born former pope, who resigned because of old age, will move into the Mater Ecclesiae monastery building within the Vatican grounds -- an oasis of calm with its own vegetable garden and blooming flowerbeds -- which has been renovated for him.
The visit in March between Francis and Benedict sparked concerns over the latter's health, after television footage showed the ex-pontiff visibly aged and struggling to keep up with his successor, even with the aid of a walking stick.
"He is old, weakened by age, but he is not ill," Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi said.
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