The report underscores the costs of inaction on climate change as well as the benefits from taking action now. The administration estimates that 12,000 people in 49 US cities could die from extreme temperatures in 2100.
The report comes as Republicans in Congress seek to undo the administration's environmental policies, including an expected plan by the Environmental Protection Agency to target coal-fired power plants and days after Pope Francis issued a dire warning about global warming's consequences, especially for the poor and under-developed nations.
While the most severe effects of global warming would not be felt for decades, the Obama administration said decisions about climate change need to be made now.
"Decisions are not going to wait 50 years," EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy told reporters at a White House briefing "They are today's decisions."
McCarthy called the report "a wake-up call for some who may not be aware" of the potential damages of climate change.
An estimated USD 3 billion in avoided damages from poor water quality could be saved by 2100, the report said.
Brian Deese, a senior White House adviser, said Obama was "not going to accept efforts" by Republicans in Congress and others who oppose his climate strategy. He urged critics to read the report to see for themselves the potentially dire consequences of global warming.
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