The Union government last week brought into effect four labour codes aimed at modernising India’s labour-market regulation. As reported by this newspaper, the Codes have become effective for standalone provisions where further rule-making is not needed. Since the draft rules were framed a few years ago, the government will make the necessary changes to reflect new realities. It is expected to come up with revised draft rules for consultation. The Codes will be fully operational once the revised rules are notified. The bringing in of the Codes — the Code on Wages (2019), Industrial Relations Code (2020), Code

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