Not immune to cancer

HEALTH

Over the last few years, a growing concern in the field of oncology has been the increasing occurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a type of cancer of the lymph that can occur at any age. Affecting one million people across the world, NHL is the fifth most common cancer in the US and affects 25,000 people every year in India. In fact, there are almost 46,000 patients living with NHL in the country.

NHL often manifests itself in the form of enlarged lymph nodes, fever and weight loss and is distinct from Hodgkin's lymphoma in its pathologic features, clinical behaviour and treatment. NHL can develop in any organ related to the lymphatic system, like the spleen, lymph nodes or tonsils, even though most cases start with the lymph nodes before spreading into other areas.

The lymphatic system, which is part of the body's immune system, is filled with fluid called lymph, which carries nutrients, waste and white blood cells (lymphocytes) around the body. When lymphocytes develop abnormally or fail to die when instructed to, they can collect in the lymph nodes and form tumours. There are various sub types of lymphoma and NHL is the most common.

Though the root cause of NHL is unknown, researchers have identified risk factors that contribute to its development. Found more among men, the likelihood of the disease increases with age. It is also more likely to affect people with inherited HIV/AIDS.

However, when it comes to lifestyle, NHL finds little provocation from environment and habit but people who work extensively with or are exposed to pesticides, solvents, or fertilisers have a greater chance of developing it.

The treatment of the condition depends on the stage of the disease and for most cases the use of chemotherapy is recommended. However, now doctors are increasingly using Mabthera, the first monoclonal antibody treatment. Dr A KVaid, medical oncologist, Artemis says "Patients who receive Mabthera experience significantly longer remission and overall survival."