"All flights are likely to be delayed at Goa Airport as the runway is closed for operations due to Indian Navys urgent operational requirements," Goa airport authorities said on Twitter.
The incident took place around 12 noon and efforts were on to extinguish the flames.
Eyewitnesses said the aircraft veered off the runway before it could take off.
Flag Officer Commanding Goa Area Punit Behl confirmed the incident, but said more details would be known later.