Duterte had consistently led the Time 100 Reader Poll, an online survey in which the publication had asked its readers to vote for who should be included in this year's Time 100 list of the world's most influential people.
Duterte, who has made lewd remarks against the US, its former president Barack Obama and several others, received 5 per cent of the total "yes" votes in the poll which closed midnight yesterday.
Modi had been named among the probable contenders for the annual list of the most influential people in the world.
However Modi had not garnered any "yes" votes at the close of the voting, with the polls showing he had got "zero per cent" votes along with other contenders such as Microsoft's India-born CEO Satya Nadella, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer and President Donald Trump's daughter Ivanka and her husband Jared Kushner. Trump garnered 2 per cent votes.
Modi had been named among the magazine's probable contenders in last year's Time 100 list also. He was named by Time editors among the 100 most influential people in the world in 2015 and Obama had written a profile for him for the magazine.
Time said since taking office in June, Duterte has waged an aggressive war on drugs that has killed more than 8,000 people in the Philippines and his controversial anti-drug campaign has inspired growing opposition from human rights groups and some political leaders, including Philippine Vice President Leni Robredo.
Closely following Duterte in the Time 100 poll were Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Pope Francis, Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg - all of whom received three per cent of the total "yes" votes.
Vermont Senator and Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders had won the readers' poll last year while Russian President Vladimir Putin had won in 2015.
Last year, Reserve Bank of India Governor Raghuram Rajan, tennis star Sania Mirza, actress Priyanka Chopra, Google's India-born CEO Sundar Pichai and founders of Indian e-commerce major Flipkart Binny Bansal and Sachin Bansal were among Time's list of the 100 most influential people.
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