Brexit, a sign of anti-elite revolt: Analysts

It was Britain's poorer and less-educated citizens -- angry at not having shared in benefits of a new world order -- who pushed it out of the EU

It was Britain's poorer and less-educated citizens -- angry at not having shared in the economic benefits of a new world order -- who pushed it out of the European Union, in a vote that threatens elites, analysts say.

They are those who suffered the worst hangover from the economic crisis, and whose precarious economic position makes them most fearful of rising immigration -- to the benefit of far right groups in the EU and Donald Trump in the United States.

"I see the same pattern everywhere I look," said William Galston, a senior fellow at the US-based Brookings Institution.

"The demographic splits within the UK are exactly the same category for category as the demographic splits within the American electorate in this presidential election."

Rural areas with high numbers of migrant workers, former industrial hubs and poor areas around cities, those without a university education and older voters were all among the 51.9% who voted Brexit.

Galston said this was the same demographic backing controversial Republican candidate Trump in the US, as well as eurosceptic and far-right parties enjoying a rise in support across Europe.

"They mistrust political elites because up until now they haven't seen any political parties who appear to recognise their discontent and respond to it."

Galston said while he did not expect these forces to prevail in the United States as they did in the Brexit vote, they were a "major warning signal to established parties throughout Europe".

Fears are high of a domino effect, with eurosceptic, leftist and far right parties from France to the Netherlands crying victory after the shock Brexit result was announced and calling for similar votes in their own countries.

Political scientist Melanie Sully of the Vienna-based Go-Governance Institute warned Europe was facing a "crisis of democracy" that could be exploited by xenophobic, far right parties.

"If you don't have any trust in politics, it's exactly the sort of black hole populists can march into and capture the mood and build on it, to perpetuate their own falsehoods," she told AFP.

At the root of this surge in anti-establishment sentiment is a feeling of fear, loss of control, and traditions and identity lost among those who are struggling economically, analysts say.

"Before we talk about populism, the anti-establishment, we have to talk about the social position of these people. What do they earn? How do they see their everyday lives?" said Tetiana Havlin, a sociologist at the University of Siegen in Germany.

"In everyday life nobody thinks about anti-globalisation, anti-establishment. They just see their challenges", she said.

"This of course gives fertile ground for populism... But in the end this is about what people feel.