World stock sell-off runs to $4 trn; bond yields off multi-yr highs

World stock markets nosedived for a fourth day running on Tuesday, having seen $4 trillion wiped off from what just eight days ago had been record high values.

Europe's main bourses were down around 2 percent, leaving investors with little option but to seek traditional refuges such as gold and one of the initial triggers for the selloff - benchmark government bonds.

Wall Street futures offered a chink of light as they turned higher in Europe but commodities remained gloomy, with oil and industrial metals all tumbling backwards as the year's upbeat start for markets soured rapidly.

"Playtime is officially over, kids," analysts at Rabobank said. "Rising volatility painfully reminds some investors that one-way bets don't exist."

The stock selloff had been viewed by some as a healthy correction after a rapid rise over the last year but, as it snowballed through Asia and Europe, nerves were starting to fray.

Wall Street's Dow Jones and S&P 500 benchmarks had slumped 4.6 percent and 4.1 percent on Monday, their biggest drops since August 2011. It was also the Dow's biggest fall on a pure points basis of all-time and put it in the red for 2018.

Europe's drop sent the region's STOXX 600 to its lowest level in six months. There was intense trading activity, with almost 90 percent of the average daily volume traded on Germany's DAX and Europe's STOXX 50 by 1030 GMT, just 2-1/2 hours into the session.

The euro STOXX volatility index, Europe's main market 'fear-gauge', saw its biggest spike since the September 11 attacks on the United States in 2001.

"Price action is clearly driven by technical factors, tied to a brutal awakening of stock volatility," said Alessandro Balsotti, head of asset management at JCI Capital. "We are undoubtedly in uncharted waters."

Goldilocks vs The Bears

"Since last autumn, investors had been betting on the 'Goldilocks' economy - solid economic expansion, improving corporate earnings and stable inflation. But the tide seems to have changed," said Norihiro Fujito, senior investment strategist at Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities.

MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan slid 3.4 percent. Taiwan's main index lost 5.0 percent, its biggest slump since 2011, and Hong Kong's Hang Seng Index dropped 4.2 percent.

Japan's Nikkei dived 4.7 percent, its worst fall since November 2016, to four-month lows. 

The original trigger for the sell-off was a sharp rise in U.S. bond yields late last week after data showed US wages increasing at the fastest pace since 2009. That raised the alarm about higher inflation and, with it, potentially higher interest rates.

That could be painful for markets that have been propped up by central banks' stimulus for many years.

The 10-year US Treasuries yield rose to as high as 2.885 percent on Monday, its highest in four years.

But a massive fall in share prices prompted an about-turn, which sent it as far back as 2.662 percent. German Bunds, Europe's equivalent benchmark, then fell 6 basis points in morning trading, their biggest drop in over two months.

"Ten-year treasuries at four-year highs - does this herald the start of a bond bear market? Or are we simply returning to a more 'normal' cycle of higher yields and higher interest rates?" said Graham Bishop, Investment Director at Heartwood Investment Management.

Reducing risk

The CBOE Volatility index, the closely followed measure of expected near-term US stock market volatility, jumped 20 points to 37, its highest level since August 2015.

That left some popular exchange-traded products that investors use to benefit from calm market conditions facing potential liquidation.

Keen to avoid further risk, investors were closing their positions in other assets, including the currency market, where a popular trade has been to sell the dollar against the euro and other currencies seen as benefiting from higher future interest rates.

The euro clawed up to $1.2435 on Tuesday, having dropped on Monday.

Oil prices continued to droop, with international benchmark Brent hitting a one-month low before levelling off at $67.21 per barrel, down 0.4 percent on the day.

US crude futures were trading down 0.6 percent at $63.87 per barrel, while gold nudged up for a fourth day in the last five, to $1,340 per ounce.

"I think this is a healthy, albeit rather vicious correction (in equity markets) and we may see more over the next week, but on the whole I really wouldn't panic," said broker Marex Spectron's head of precious metals, David Govett.

"As such, I don't think gold will go a lot higher."