We maybe closing in on dark matter

A new research suggests that dark matter scientists are on the brink of discovering the elusive particles.

Researchers are using analysis of deep space observations together with experiments far underground to hunt for dark matter, an elusive material which, together with dark energy, is thought to account for about 95 per cent of the universe.

Scientists will tell a public symposium in Washington, DC how current theories and experiment point to the existence of dark matter, but how it is little understood by scientists.

Its discovery would be a fundamental development in understanding the physical universe, a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) will hear.

Alex Murphy of the University of Edinburgh will describe ongoing global collaborations by scientists around the world to detect and define the nature of dark matter. These include astronomy studies to examine its effect on galaxies and light in space, and experiments deep underground that seek to detect it by minimising interference from other particles.

The most sensitive of these experiments is Large Underground Xenon, or LUX, detector, which is located a mile underground in South Dakota, US. Recent improvements have increased the device's chances of identifying sub-atomic particles called WIMPs, weakly interacting massive particles, which are believed to be the main component of dark matter.

Murphy said that technology has enabled us to ramp up our search for this fundamental material and its place in the physical realm.