Berlin backs off climate targets as protests heat up

Opposition leaders and environmental activists condemned German Chancellor Angela Merkel's government on Monday for watering down a new climate protection law as "Extinction Rebellion" protestors blocked traffic in Berlin.

Key elements of a September climate deal struck within Merkel's coalition government were absent from a draft law published by the environment ministry, including a binding goal of "climate neutrality" by 2050 and a powerful oversight role for an independent commission of experts.

"This is an anti-democratic scandal for climate policy," Left party MP Lorenz Goesta Beutin told AFP, adding that Germany now risked breaching the 2015 Paris Agreement, which committed almost all countries to reducing climate-altering carbon emissions.

Even within the coalition, some among Merkel's junior partners the social democrats (SPD) were riled by the draft law, set to be passed to parliament by ministers on Wednesday.

"If (Merkel's conservatives) further weaken the climate package, it will be nothing more than a paper tiger," said Karl Lauterbach, a left-wing contender in the SPD's leadership race.

In a speech in Sinsheim, southwest Germany, Merkel promised that "monitoring and oversight will be anchored in the law in a way that is crystal clear".

The environment ministry had earlier said the "decisive core" of the measures remained in place.

It pointed to carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction goals across economic sectors -- principally transport, construction, agriculture and waste -- that will tighten annually until 2030.

Germany is "especially ambitious" among European Union member nations in its CO2 targets, Merkel's chief of staff Helge Braun told ZDF public television.

"The climate protection law that we will pass in the coming days will anchor exactly these national climate goals for 2030" which the country committed to in Paris, he added.

Berlin has been under pressure to make its climate measures more credible. Ministers have acknowledged the country will fail in its aim to reduce emissions by 40 per cent of 1990 levels by next year, while tens of thousands of young people have taken to the streets every week for months in "Fridays for Future" demonstrations.

But Merkel's coalition of centre-right conservatives and centre-left social democrats are keen to preserve social peace, with an eye on "yellow vest" protests that hobbled France last year over higher fuel taxes.

"To just make everything more expensive overnight, when people can't avoid it because they've just bought a new car, would not only be disproportionate in our view, it wouldn't make anything better," Merkel aide Braun said.

Monday's new pitched battle over the climate law comes as "Extinction Rebellion" protesters, who call for direct action and civil disobedience to pressure governments into more drastic environmental protection, blocked a major roundabout in the heart of Berlin.