The private empire of property, land and investments began as an inheritance in 1265, and is one of several sources of funding for the monarchy.
The royal household will receive 16 million pound (USD 24.8 million, 22.3 million euros) this year, a rise of 18 per cent from the previous year, according to accounts released by the Duchy of Lancaster yesterday.
The estate's net operating income increased over the past year to 16.6 million pound, "the highest level ever recorded", according to the accounts.
British press coverage contrasted the income bump with a cap on public sector pay rises announced in an austere government budget earlier this month, which follows a long squeeze on average wages in the wake of the economic crisis.
The queen will also receive 40 million pound from the proceeds of the semi-independent Crown Estate, which is paid through the British government - a 5.7 per cent rise from last year.
The Crown Estate funding covers the cost of running the queen's household as head of state, while the Duchy of Lancaster pays for Elizabeth's private expenses and the upkeep of her family.
The queen is not required to pay tax, but she has contributed an unknown amount since 1993.
The queen's son and heir to the throne, Prince Charles, has his own large private estate dating from 1337 to support him - the Duchy of Cornwall.
