Brussels has already drawn up a hit list of flagship American products to target for countermeasures if its exports are affected by the tariffs including peanut butter, bourbon whiskey and orange juice.
EU Trade Commissioner Cecilia Malmstroem said the bloc was "not preparing for battle" but had to be ready to protect its industry. Earlier this week she warned the US tariffs could jeopardise thousands of European jobs.
The EU shares American concerns about overcapacity in the global steel sector, Malmstroem said, but warned "this is not the right way to deal with it".
"It is certainly not the right way to include Europe... because we are friends, we are allies, we work together, we cannot possibly be a threat to national security in the US, so we are counting on being excluded," the Swede added.
Trump imposed the tariffs -- 25 percent on steel and 10 percent on aluminium -- despite repeated warnings from the EU and other allies that this could trigger a full-scale trade war.
Malmstroem said Trump's announcement was "not crystal clear" and she would seek clarification when she sees US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer in Brussels on Saturday for long-planned talks that are now a de facto crisis meeting.
The EU exports around five billion euros' ($4 billion) worth of steel and a billion euros' worth of aluminium to the US each year, and the European Commission, the bloc's executive arm, estimates Trump's tariffs could cost some 2.8 billion euros.
European Parliament President Antonio Tajani said the US and EU "should work together to tackle unfair trade practices that destroy jobs, not fight with each other".
Trump's decision is "disappointing but EU will monitor developments carefully, responding firmly and commensurately to protect our workers and industry", Tajani wrote on Twitter.
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