Washington state has been asking for nearly a year if the FBI would conduct background checks on its applicants, to no avail.
The bureau's refusal raises the possibility that people with troublesome criminal histories could wind up with pot licenses in the state, undermining the department's own priorities in ensuring that states keep a tight rein on the nascent industry.
The Obama administration has said it wants the states to make sure pot revenue doesn't go to organised crime and that state marijuana industries don't become a cover for the trafficking of other illegal drugs.
At the same time, it might be tough for the FBI to stomach conducting such background checks, essentially helping the states violate federal law.
The Justice Department declined to explain why it isn't conducting the checks in Washington when it has in Colorado.
"To ensure a consistent national approach, the department has been reviewing its background check policies, and we hope to have guidance for states in the near term," it said in its entirety.
In Washington, three people so far have received licenses to grow marijuana, without going through a national background check, even though the state Liquor Control Board's rules require that that they do so before a license is issued.
"The federal government has not stated why it has not yet agreed to conduct national background checks on our behalf," Washington state Liquor Control Board spokesman Brian Smith said in an email.
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