The revelation came at a National Transportation Safety Board briefing yesterday, raising new questions about the accident.
NTSB board member Robert Sumwalt declined to speculate about the exact significance of a projectile, but the idea raised the possibility that the engineer might have been distracted, panicked or even wounded in the moments before the train left the rails.
The train sped up to twice the speed limit when it was supposed to be slowing down as it entered a sharp bend in the tracks on its way from Washington to New York.
Sumwalt said the information about a projectile came from an assistant conductor, who said she heard the Amtrak engineer and the engineer from a nearby Southeast Pennsylvania Transportation Authority regional train talking just before the derailment.
Sumwalt said she recalled hearing the regional train driver say his train had been hit by an object and then Brandon Bostian, the Amtrak engineer, say his train had been struck, too.
The derailment shattered the Amtrak train's windshield. But Sumwalt said there were concentric circles on the lower left corner of the glass.
Investigators have been looking at why the Amtrak train that crashed hit a speed of about 106 mph (171 kph) in a zone where the maximum speed is 50 mph (80 kph) just before it flew off the tracks.
Yesterday, the NTSB interviewed Bostian, the 32-year-old engineer, for the first time.
Sumwalt said Bostian was "extremely cooperative" but told authorities that he did not recall anything in the few minutes before the crash, the deadliest on US rails in nearly six years.
The stretch of track is not yet equipped with a positive train control system that would put the brakes on a train exceeding the speed limit.
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