In an opinion piece published in the Daily Telegraph newspaper, Tokyo's envoy to London Keiichi Hayashi compared Beijing to the arch-villain of JK Rowling's multi-million selling books and the resulting movie franchise.
"East Asia is now at a crossroads. There are two paths open to China," he wrote.
"One is to seek dialogue, and abide by the rule of law. The other is to play the role of Voldemort in the region by letting loose the evil of an arms race and escalation of tensions, although Japan will not escalate the situation from its side," he said.
Asia's two biggest economies have long endured a difficult relationship characterised by disagreements on a wide range of issues, many of which are connected to bitter memories of violence in Asia by Japanese soldiers before and during World War II.
But ties have soured since Tokyo bought a set of disputed islands in the East China Sea in 2012, fuelling nationalism in both nations that has seen paramilitary ships and planes from both sides involved in regular standoffs around the isles.
Liu harshly criticised Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's December 26 visit to Tokyo's controversial Yasukuni war shrine, which honours war dead, including men convicted of serious war crimes in the wake of Japan's 1945 World War II defeat.
The shinto shrine is seen by China and other Asian nations as a symbol of Japan's militarist past.
"If militarism is like the haunting Voldemort of Japan, the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo is a kind of horcrux, representing the darkest parts of that nation's soul," the Chinese envoy wrote.
Voldemort is only rarely referred to by his name in the books and films, with Hogwarts students and teachers frequently calling him simply "You Know Who".
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