The talks come amid heightened Middle East tensions, with Iran's foreign minister accusing Israel of trying to "torpedo" the process after twin suicide bombings killed at least 23 people outside its embassy in Beirut yesterday.
Tehran's foreign ministry has blamed Israel and its "mercenaries".
Israel has denied the claims and its Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was due to take his tireless campaign against a deal with Iran to Moscow today in talks with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
"I think there is every possibility for success," Zarif, who also posted a conciliatory but defiant YouTube message online yesterday, said on a stopover in Rome.
But US President Barack Obama, fresh from seeking to dissuade lawmakers from imposing new sanctions on Iran, was more cautious: "I don't know if we will be able to close a deal this week or next week."
The P5+1 powers want a "first phase" deal whereby Iran freezes the most sensitive parts of its nuclear activities while a long-term accord is hammered out.
But the question is whether Iran, seeking an easing of UN, US and EU sanctions that have more than halved the country's lifeblood oil exports, will accept what it is being offered in return.
On the table in Geneva is only a "limited, temporary, target and reversible" relief package that a senior US official said "will not come anywhere near helping Iran escape the hole that we've put them in."
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