Brazilian Sandro scored after 33 minutes for the six-time defending champions who dominated despite being weakened by injuries and losing top scorer Gonzalo Higuain to an early knock.
Juventus have 65 points from 25 games, two points ahead of Napoli who host struggling SPAL later in the day.
Massimiliano Allegri's side -- held 2-2 by Tottenham in their Champions League home tie in Turin this week -- were without injured Mario Mandzukic, Blaise Matuidi and Juan Cuadrado, with Paulo Dybala and Federico Bernardeschi starting on the bench.
"Today was not a great answer to 2-2 in the first leg but we will go to London convinced we can do it," said Allegri.
"Juve are a strong side with extraordinary players that for years has been challenging in all fronts and I don't consider the 2-2 with Tottenham to be a tragedy.
"I am proud of the lads and today we saw a good reaction, we enjoyed ourselves even during difficult moments."
With tensions already running high in the traditional "Derby Della Mole" the visitors were reeling after three minutes when Higuain landed awkwardly on his ankle as he rushed to pick up a Miralem Pjanic cross. The Argentine played on from another 12 minutes before being replaced by Bernardeschi.
Douglas Costa then burst down the right, his cross found Kwadwo Asamoah for a low volley that was cleared off the line by Nicolas N'Koulou of Torino.
A Belotti volley from a Iago Falque cross went into the side-netting with Juventus goalkeeper Wojciech Szczesny, replacing rested Gianluigi Buffon, stopping a Lorenzo De Silvestri header mid air.
Miralem Pjanic also threatened with a free kick before Juventus broke through when Bernardeschi raced down the right and crossed low for Sandro to tap in.
"Paulo did well for 30 minutes," said Allegri. "He played very well technically and managing the ball well, even if it's natural that he's still lack match fitness."
Juventus held on for their ninth consecutive Serie A win as Torino coach Walter Mazzarri suffered his first defeat in six games since taking over from Sinisa Mihajlovic.
The win was an 18th for Juventus in the last 24 Turin derbies, with Torino taking just one point in eight meetings since a 2-1 victory in April 2015.
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