President Ashraf Ghani has repeatedly raised fears that IS - notorious for their brutal reign of terror in Syria and Iraq - are making steady inroads into Afghanistan, which is already in the grip of a fierce Taliban insurgency.
But the governor of Kunduz, the scene of intense fighting for two weeks that has displaced thousands, has gone further by claiming that the two groups are joining forces in the northern Afghan province.
Local observers have viewed claims of IS's rise in Afghanistan with caution.
The Middle Eastern group has never formally acknowledged a presence in Afghanistan and most self-styled IS insurgents in the country are thought to be Taliban turncoats rebranding themselves to appear a more lethal force.
The two groups, which espouse different ideological strains of Sunni Islam, are believed to be arrayed against each other in Afghanistan's restive south, with clashes frequently reported.
"In the worst affected Imam Sahib district, (IS) fighters are training and supporting local Taliban fighters to raise their capacity... In their fight against the Afghan government," the governor's spokesman Abdul Wadood Wahidi told AFP.
Last month hundreds of militants came within six kilometres (3.7 miles) of Kunduz city just hours after the Taliban launched their annual spring offensive, in the most serious threat to any provincial capital since the US-led 2001 invasion of Afghanistan.
Tens of thousands of people have been displaced due to the clashes, with aid agencies warning of dire living conditions for those who have fled their homes and moved to the city centre.
"Around 14,000 families have been displaced in two weeks of ongoing fighting in Kunduz," Ghulam Sakhi, an administrator in the Kunduz refugees department, told AFP.
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