Kerry, who is in the Laotian capital to attend an Asia-Pacific security conference that includes North Korea, said its actions present a very serious threat not just to this region but also to international peace and security.
He said North Korea should learn from Iran, also a bitter enemy but with whom the United States and other countries made a deal to end its nuclear program.
"Iran, a powerful and well developed country with a long history of thousands of years," has decided it would not pursue nuclear weapons in order to have economic sanctions lifted, Kerry said.
"So countries can do this. But North Korea alone. The only country in the world defying the international movement towards responsibility, continues to develop its own weapon, continues to develop its missiles, continues the provocative actions," he said.
North Korea says it needs nuclear weapons to cope with what it sees as US military threats. The United States stations about 28,500 troops in South Korea and regularly holds joint military drills with South Korea.
Pyongyang has long demanded Washington withdraw its troops from South Korea and stop the joint drills that it calls an invasion rehearsal.
Kerry said one of the issues that came up in nearly every meeting he had in Vientiane is the "very provocative and deeply concerning behavior of the DPRK," using the acronym for the country's formal name, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Some analysts say North Korea has developed a handful of crude nuclear devices and is working toward building a warhead small enough to mount on a long-range missile capable of reaching the continental US.
However, South Korean defense officials say the North has neither such a miniaturized warhead nor a functioning intercontinental ballistic missile
Kerry noted that UN Security Council in March adopted the "toughest set of sanctions in a generation" on North Korea.
"But despite this and numerous other security council resolutions, the DPRK chooses to flout its international obligations," he said.
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